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|map_caption=Erdut on the map of Croatia, JNA/Croatian Serb-held areas in late 1991 are highlighted in red |location= Erdut, Croatia |target=Hungarian and Croat civilians |date=10 November 19913 June 1992 |time= |timezone= |type=Mass murder |fatalities=37 |perps= SAO SBWS Territorial Defence Forces, Serb Volunteer Guard }} The Erdut killings were a series of murders of 37 Hungarian and Croat civilians in the village of Erdut, Croatia committed by Croatian Serb forces and Serb Volunteer Guard paramilitaries between November 1991 and June 1992, during the Croatian War of Independence. Twenty-two Hungarians and 15 Croats were killed. The first killings occurred on 10 November 1991, when twelve civilians died. Eight more were killed over the following several days. Five more civilians were killed on 10 December, and another seven on 16 December. Four others were killed on 21 February 1992 and the final one was killed on 3 June. The bodies of these victims were either buried in mass graves or thrown into nearby wells. Most of the victims were exhumed in 1998, after the area reverted to Croatian control following the signing of the Erdut Agreement in 1995. The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) charged several Serbian and Croatian Serb officials—including Slobodan Milošević, Jovica Stanišić, Franko Simatović and Goran Hadžić—for their alleged involvement in the killings. Milošević died during his trial at the ICTY. In 2013, Stanišić and Simatović were acquitted by the ICTY trial chamber, pending an appeal by the prosecution. , Hadžić's trial is ongoing. ==Background== (詳細はelectoral defeat of the government of the Socialist Republic of Croatia by the Croatian Democratic Union ((クロアチア語:Hrvatska demokratska zajednica), HDZ), ethnic tensions between Croats and Serbs worsened. The Yugoslav People's Army (''Jugoslovenska Narodna Armija'' – JNA) confiscated the weapons of Croatia's Territorial Defence (''Teritorijalna obrana'' - TO) forces to minimize resistance. On 17 August, tensions escalated into an open revolt by Croatian Serbs, centred on the predominantly Serb-populated areas of the Dalmatian hinterland around Knin, parts of the Lika, Kordun, Banovina and eastern Croatia. This revolt was followed by two unsuccessful attempts by Serbia, supported by Montenegro and Serbia's provinces of Vojvodina and Kosovo, to obtain the Yugoslav Presidency's approval for a JNA operation to disarm Croatian security forces in January 1991. After a bloodless skirmish between Serb insurgents and Croatian special police in March, the JNA itself, supported by Serbia and its allies, asked the Federal Presidency to give it wartime authorities and declare a state of emergency. The request was denied on 15 March, and the JNA came under the control of Serbian President Slobodan Milošević. Milošević, preferring a campaign to expand Serbia rather than to preserve Yugoslavia, publicly threatened to replace the JNA with a Serbian army and declared that he no longer recognized the authority of the Federal Presidency. By the end of the month, the conflict had escalated into the Croatian War of Independence. The JNA stepped in, increasingly supporting the Croatian Serb insurgents and preventing Croatian police from intervening. In early April, the leaders of the Croatian Serb revolt declared their intention to integrate the area under their control, known as SAO Krajina, with Serbia. The Government of Croatia viewed this declaration as an attempt to secede. In May, the Croatian government responded by forming the Croatian National Guard (''Zbor narodne garde'' - ZNG), but its development was hampered by a United Nations (UN) arms embargo introduced in September. On 8 October, Croatia declared independence from Yugoslavia. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Erdut killings」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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